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 SUMMARY of “Deadly trade,” Editorial, Dawn, October 4th, 2023

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The illegal organ trade in Pakistan has been exposed by the notorious Fawad Mumtaz, a plastic surgeon turned alleged criminal mastermind who has repeatedly evaded the law. His recent escape from FIA custody and subsequent rearrest highlights the dark web of organ trafficking in the country, spanning regions like Punjab, KP, AJK, and even involving clients from Gulf countries since 2009. Mumtaz is accused of exploiting both desperate donors and critically ill patients for financial gain, including a case resulting in the death of comedian Umer Sharif’s daughter following an illegal transplant. This illicit trade not only jeopardizes individual well-being but also threatens the ethical fabric of the medical community. It is essential to dismantle Mumtaz’s network and bring all involved parties to justice, including lawmakers, law enforcers, and the medical community. Strengthening the implementation of the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 2010, and raising awareness about organ donation are crucial steps to combat this issue. Additionally, addressing poverty and providing support and rehabilitation to victims are essential aspects of tackling the problem of organ trafficking, which exploits socioeconomic disparities in Pakistan.

*Easy/Short SUMMARY**:

Fawad Mumtaz, a plastic surgeon turned criminal mastermind, has exposed the illegal organ trade in Pakistan. He repeatedly escaped the law and operated in various regions, including Punjab, KP, and AJK. His actions resulted in the death of comedian Umer Sharif’s daughter during an illegal transplant. This trade not only risks lives but also challenges the ethics of the medical community. To combat this issue, it is crucial to dismantle Mumtaz’s network, strengthen the implementation of the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, raise awareness about organ donation, and address socioeconomic disparities. This case serves as a wake-up call for reform and united action against organ trafficking.

SOLUTIONS of The Problem:

1. Legal Action:

• Intensify efforts to bring all involved in the illegal organ trade, including Fawad Mumtaz, to justice.
• Enhance law enforcement measures and cooperation between agencies to dismantle the criminal networks associated with organ trafficking.

2. Strengthen Legislation:

• Ensure strict implementation of the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 2010, to criminalize illegal transplantation.
• Review and amend existing laws to make organ trafficking a more punishable offense.

3. Awareness and Education:

• Launch public awareness campaigns about organ donation to increase the availability of legal organs.
• Educate the public about the dangers and ethical issues associated with illegal organ transplants.

4. Address Socioeconomic Disparities:

• Implement poverty alleviation programs to reduce the vulnerability of impoverished individuals to organ trafficking.
• Provide support and rehabilitation to victims of organ trafficking to help them recover and reintegrate into society.

IMPORTANT Facts and Figures Given in the article:

• Fawad Mumtaz has been involved in illegal organ trafficking operations in Pakistan since 2009.
• More than 150,000 people die of organ failure in Pakistan each year due to the non-availability of organs.
• The Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 2010, criminalizes illegal transplantation.

IMPORTANT Facts and Figures out of the article:

• The extent of the illegal organ trade in Pakistan and its impact on victims.
• The need for comprehensive legal reforms and stricter enforcement.
• The importance of raising public awareness about organ donation.

MCQs from the Article:

1. Who is Fawad Mumtaz, as mentioned in the article?
   A. A comedian
   B. A plastic surgeon
   C. A politician
   D. A law enforcement officer
   Answer: B. A plastic surgeon

2. What is the primary reason for the high number of deaths due to organ failure in Pakistan, according to SIUT?
   A. Lack of medical facilities
   B. Non-availability of organs
   C. Lack of awareness about organ donation
   D. Poverty
   Answer: B. Non-availability of organs

3. Which act criminalizes illegal transplantation in Pakistan?
   A. Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 2010
   B. Criminal Trafficking Act, 2023
   C. Organ Transplantation Control Act, 2015
   D. Organ Trafficking Prevention Act, 2018
   Answer: A. Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 2010

VOCABULARY:

1. Notorious (adjective) (مشہور): Widely and unfavorably known for something bad.

2. Slippery (adjective) (پتلا): Difficult to catch or hold onto; elusive.

3. Mockery (noun) (مذاق): Ridicule or derision; making something or someone seem laughably absurd.

4. Alleged (adjective) (مبہم): Said, without proof, to have taken place or to have a specified illegal or undesirable quality.

5. Impunity (noun) (کوئی سزا یا سزائی ایکشن سے محفوظ رہنا): Exemption from punishment or freedom from the injurious consequences of an action.

6. Irrevocably (adverb) (غیر قابل واپسی): In a way that cannot be changed, reversed, or recovered.

7. Empire (noun) (سلطنت یا حکومت): An extensive group of states or countries under a single, supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress.

8. Sordid (adjective) (خرابی کا): Involving immoral or dishonorable actions and motives; arousing moral distaste and contempt.

9. Capitalise (verb) (فائدہ اٹھانا): Take the chance to gain advantage from.

10. Socioeconomic (adjective) (معاشرتی اور معاشی): Relating to or concerned with the interaction of social and economic factors.

11. Exploitative (adjective) (استحصالی): Making use of a situation or treating others unfairly in order to gain an advantage or benefit.

12. Wake-up call (noun) (جگانے والی چیز): A warning or a signal that alerts someone to the need for action or a change in attitude or behavior.

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