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 SUMMARY of “Targeting Afghans,” Editorial, Dawn, October 5th, 2023

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The Pakistani government has given a deadline for all illegal immigrants, including 1.73 million undocumented Afghans, to return to their homelands by the end of the month or face deportation. Afghan identity cards (e-tazkiras) will no longer be considered valid after October 31, with only passports and visas accepted as valid identification. Interior Minister Sarfraz Bugti cites the need to ensure the welfare and security of Pakistanis. However, the decision raises questions about its true motives, particularly when Mr. Bugti highlighted that Afghan nationals were responsible for a significant number of suicide attacks in Pakistan. Furthermore, a web portal and national helpline have been introduced, offering rewards for reporting illegal immigrants. These actions, seemingly targeting Afghans, coincide with heightened tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan and a surge in detentions of Afghans, with many being held despite having legal rights. While Pakistan must address the issue of undocumented foreigners, the international community, especially the West, must share responsibility for the Afghan refugee crisis and provide assistance to both Pakistan and the migrants. A compassionate and sustainable solution is needed for the plight of Afghan refugees in the region.

Easy/Short SUMMARY:

The Pakistani government has set a deadline for illegal immigrants, including 1.73 million undocumented Afghans, to leave the country by the end of the month or face deportation. Afghan identity cards will no longer be valid after October 31. While the government cites security reasons, its actions raise concerns, including the profiling of Afghans and the introduction of a reward system for reporting illegal immigrants. This comes amid tensions with Afghanistan and a surge in Afghan detentions. Pakistan should address this issue, but the international community, especially the West, should also assist. A compassionate solution is needed for Afghan refugees.

SOLUTIONS of The Problem:

Balanced Immigration Policies:

• Pakistan should enact balanced immigration policies that address security concerns while ensuring the rights and well-being of refugees.
• Work towards a comprehensive registration system for undocumented immigrants to distinguish between those with legitimate claims for refugee status and others.

International Support:

• The international community, especially Western nations, should provide financial and technical assistance to Pakistan to manage and register refugees.
• Support Afghan refugees in their applications for resettlement programs and work to expedite the processing of their cases.

Dialogue and Diplomacy:

• Engage in diplomatic efforts to improve relations with Afghanistan and address the root causes of the refugee crisis.
• Collaborate with international organizations like UNHCR to provide humanitarian assistance to Afghan refugees.

Public Awareness:

• Promote public awareness and empathy regarding the plight of Afghan refugees, emphasizing their role in the region’s sociopolitical fabric.

IMPORTANT Facts and Figures Given in the article:

• Pakistan has given a deadline for undocumented immigrants, including 1.73 million Afghans, to leave or face deportation.
• Afghan identity cards (e-tazkiras) will no longer be valid as of October 31.
• Interior Minister Sarfraz Bugti mentioned that Afghan nationals were responsible for a significant number of suicide attacks in Pakistan.
• Afghans, including those with legal rights, have been detained, causing tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
• The international community, especially the West, must provide support to Pakistan and Afghan refugees.

IMPORTANT Facts and Figures out of the article:

• The Pakistani government’s decision has raised concerns about its motives and impact on Afghan refugees.
• The Afghan refugee crisis has been ongoing for four decades, and Afghan refugees are an integral part of the region’s social fabric.
• The UNHCR has offered to assist Pakistan in managing and registering people in need of international protection.

MCQs from the Article:

1. What is the Pakistani government’s deadline for illegal immigrants, including Afghans, to leave the country?
   A. End of the year
   B. End of the week
   C. End of the month
   D. End of the decade
   Answer: C. End of the month

2. What type of identification cards will no longer be valid for Afghans in Pakistan after October 31?
   A. Passports
   B. Visas
   C. E-tazkiras (Afghan identity cards)
   D. Driving licenses
   Answer: C. E-tazkiras (Afghan identity cards)

3. What reason did Interior Minister Sarfraz Bugti give for the government’s actions regarding Afghan immigrants?
   A. To encourage immigration
   B. To ensure the welfare and security of Pakistanis
   C. To grant amnesty to all undocumented immigrants
   D. To provide free education to Afghan nationals
   Answer: B. To ensure the welfare and security of Pakistanis

4. What prompted tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan in September?
   A. A diplomatic dispute over borders
   B. A terrorist attack by Afghan refugees
   C. A trade disagreement
   D. A TTP attack in Chitral
   Answer: D. A TTP attack in Chitral

VOCABULARY:

1. Deportation (noun) (جلاوطنی): The action of expelling a foreigner from a country.

2. Undocumented (adjective) (غیر دستوری): Not having the required legal documents or authorization.

3. Ethnic Profiling (noun) (نسلی تنقید): The use of an individual’s ethnicity or nationality as a key factor in law enforcement decisions, such as targeting for suspicion or investigation.

4. Compassionate (adjective) (ہمدرد): Feeling or showing sympathy and concern for the suffering of others.

5. Expedite (verb) (جلدی کرنا): Make (an action or process) happen sooner or be accomplished more quickly.

6. Detention (noun) (حراست): The action of detaining someone or the state of being detained in official

custody, especially as a political prisoner.

1. Resettlement (noun) (دوبارہ قائم کرنے کا عمل): The settlement of people in a new place, typically after being displaced from their previous residence.

2. Profiling (noun) (تنقید کا تصویر): The recording and analysis of a person’s psychological and behavioral characteristics, so as to assess or predict their capabilities in a certain sphere or to assist in identifying categories of people.

3. Well-being (noun) (خوشی و صحت): A good or satisfactory condition of existence; a state characterized by health, happiness, and prosperity.

4. Web Portal (noun) (ویب پورٹل): A website or web page providing access to various related services and information, typically for a particular organization or community.

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