Author: Maxter ʚïɞ

This author has written 2722 articles

SUMMARY of the Article “Crisis of Population Growth,” by Zeba Sathar, Dawn, November 23rd, 2024

Pakistan’s population growth rate of 2.55% (2017-2023) is alarmingly high, making it the fastest in South Asia. Over the past 25 years, the population has increased by 110 million, putting immense pressure on resources and development prospects. The Population Council and UNFPA’s report Pakistan@2050 highlights the consequences of this rapid growth, such as missed economic opportunities, unmanageable urbanization, and heightened unemployment. Had the population growth been lower, Pakistan’s GDP could have been 56% higher, with significantly reduced poverty and maternal mortality rates. By 2050, the population is projected to reach 385 million, further straining already stretched resources. The workforce will grow by 65 million by 2050, requiring 2.6 million additional jobs annually. The report emphasizes the necessity of reducing fertility rates to 2.2 replacement levels by 2030, a goal achieved by regional neighbors like Bangladesh and Iran. Half of pregnancies in Pakistan are unplanned, with millions resulting in abortions and unintended births, underscoring the need for expanded family planning services. Compulsory primary education is also crucial, with 25 million out-of-school children as a significant barrier to progress. Addressing gender inequities and increasing female education and labor force participation are essential for sustainable development. The article urges immediate action to implement policies on fertility reduction and primary education, predicting that such » Read More…

SUMMARY of the Article “IMF’s Concern,” Dawn, November 17th, 2024

The article highlights the IMF’s recent unscheduled discussions with Pakistani authorities on the ongoing $7 billion loan program, which concluded without the usual end-of-mission statement, leaving the public uncertain about the outcomes. The IMF expressed significant concerns over delays in securing $2.5 billion in foreign loans, including a $1.2 billion Saudi oil facility, and a revenue shortfall of Rs190 billion in tax collection for the July-October period. Additionally, the slow progress on the National Fiscal Pact and delays in privatizing state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have raised alarms, as provinces have yet to align their farm and property tax rates with federal standards. These lapses indicate that the government is struggling to meet several structural benchmarks crucial for economic stability. Despite having time before the formal review in February or March, these failures threaten Pakistan’s access to the next $1 billion tranche and erode market confidence. The IMF’s insistence on strict compliance, exemplified by its decision to send an early mission, underscores its skepticism about Pakistan’s » Read More…

Which educational index highlights disparities in educational performance in Pakistan?
Pakistan Education Index (PEI)
District Education Performance Index (DEPIx)
Provincial Education Assessment (PEA)
National Literacy Index (NLI)
Show Answer…
Correct Answer: District Education Performance Index (DEPIx)
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SUMMARY of the Article “Quality Learning” by Nazir A. Jogezai, Dawn, November 9th, 2024

The article highlights the severe educational challenges in Balochistan, where disparities in access and standards place it consistently at the bottom of development rankings. The District Education Performance Index (DEPIx) illustrates stark differences across regions, with unrealistic expectations for Balochistan’s schools to match those in more developed areas like Islamabad and Lahore. Inclusive education is identified as crucial for human development, yet it cannot exist without equity, especially in polarized societies. UNICEF data reveals Balochistan’s staggering 47% out-of-school children rate, far higher than other provinces. Additionally, a significant lack of basic facilities in schools — with only 23% having clean drinking water, 39% with boundary walls, and a mere 15% with electricity — further hinders education. Balochistan’s limited share in the NFC award makes equitable distribution of resources vital, suggesting a 3:1 resource allocation for deprived areas. The article critiques DEPIx for lacking insight into quality pedagogy and assessment methods, instead focusing on superficial indicators like dropout rates. It also notes the inadequate use of digital tools, which are present in schools but largely unused due to restrictive policies. Effective data collection is essential, with a need for valid, context-based information to inform decisions. Addressing out-of-school children (OOSC) rates requires a broader understanding of socioeconomic and sociocultural factors, as child labor and economic insecurity are major » Read More…